Combustion

Combustion or burning is the sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidantheat and conversion of chemical species. The release of heat can result in the production of light in the form of either glowing or a flame. Fuels of interest often include organic compounds (especially hydrocarbons) in the gas, liquid or solid phase. accompanied by the production of
In a complete combustion reaction, a compound reacts with an oxidizing element, such as oxygen or fluorine, and the products are compounds of each element in the fuel with the oxidizing element. For example:

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + energy

CH₂S + 6F₂ → CF₄ + 2HF + SF₆

A simple example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen, which is a commonly used reaction in rocket engines:

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O(g) + heat

The result is water vapor.
Complete combustion is almost impossible to achieve. In reality, as actual combustion reactions come to equilibrium, a wide variety of major and minor species will be present such as carbon monoxide and pure carbon (soot or ash). Additionally, any combustion in air, which is 78% nitrogen, will also create several forms of nitrogen oxides.

                                                             The flames caused as a result of a fuel undergoing combustion (burning)

Automobile

An automobile, motor car or car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. Most definitions of the term specify that automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.^[1] However, the term automobile is far from precise, because there are many types of vehicles that do similar tasks.
There are approximately 600 million passenger cars worldwide (roughly one car per eleven people).^[2][3]China and India. Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007; they burn over 1 billion m³ (260 billion US gallons) of petrol/gasoline and diesel fuel yearly. The numbers are increasing rapidly, especially in

Wankel Engine

The Wankel radial engine is a fascinating beast that features a very clever rearrangment of the four elements of the Otto cycle.  It was developed by Felix Wankel in the 1950s.¹

In the Wankel a triangular rotor incorporating a central ring gear is driven around a fixed pinion within an oblong chamber.

The fuel/air mixture is drawn in the intake port during this phase of the rotation.

                                                     The mixture is compressed here.

                                                                 The mixture burns here, driving the rotor around.

                                                                       And the exhaust is expelled here.

The rotory motion is transferred to the drive shaft via an eccentric wheel (illustrated in blue) that rides in a matching bearing in the rotor.   The drive shaft rotates once during every power stroke instead of twice as in the Otto cycle.
The Wankel promised higher power output with fewer moving parts than the Otto cycle engine, however technical difficulties have apparently interfered with widespread adoption.  In spite of valiant efforts by Mazda, the four stroke engine remains much more popular.

Four Stroke Engine

The four stroke engine was first demonstrated by Nikolaus Otto in 1876¹, hence it is also known as the Otto cycle. The technically correct term is actually four stroke cycle.  The four stroke engine is probably the most common engine type nowadays.  It powers almost all cars and trucks.

The four strokes of the cycle are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.  Each corresponds to one full stroke of the piston, therefore the complete cycle requires two revolutions of the crankshaft to complete.

Intake. During the intake stroke, the piston moves downward, drawing a fresh charge of vaporized fuel/air mixture.  The illustrated engine features a 'poppet' intake valve which is drawn open by the vacuum produced by the intake stroke.  Some early engines worked this way, however most modern engines incorporate an extra cam/lifter arrangement as seen on the exhaust valve.  The exhaust valve is held shut by a spring (not illustrated here).

Compression. As the piston rises the poppet valve is forced shut by the increased cylinder pressure.  Flywheel momentum drives the piston upward, compressing the fuel/air mixture.

Power. At the top of the compression stroke the spark plug fires, igniting the compressed fuel.  As the fuel burns it expands, driving the piston downward.

Exhaust. At the bottom of the power stroke, the exhaust valve is opened by the cam/lifter mechanism.  The upward stroke of the piston drives the exhausted fuel out of the cylinder.

This animation also illustrates a simple ignition system using breaker points, coil, condenser, and battery.
Larger four stroke engines usually include more than one cylinder, have various arrangements for the camshaft (dual, overhead, etc.), sometimes feature fuel injection, turbochargers, multiple valves, etc.  None of these enhancements changes the basic operation of the engine.

Two Stroke Engine

timing belt removal

Removal

1. Disconnect battery ground cable.

2. Remove air cleaner assembly.

3. Remove radiator upper fan shroud from radiator.

4. Move drive belt tensioner to loose side using wrench

then remove drive belt.

5. Remove cooling fan assembly four nuts, then the
cooling fan assembly.
6. Remove cooling fan drive pulley assembly.
7. Remove idle pulley assembly.
8. Remove serpentine belt tensioner assembly.
9. Remove power steering pump assembly.
10. Remove crankshaft pulley assembly using J-8614-01
crankshaft holder, hold crankshaft pulley remove
center bolt, then the pulley